pyppeteer执行js绕过webdriver监测方法上

来源：脚本之家时间：2022-04-12 15:42:17

Pyppeteer简介

Puppeteer 是 Google 基于 Node.js 开发的一个工具，有了它我们可以通过 JavaScript 来控制 Chrome 浏览器的一些操作，当然也可以用作网络爬虫上，其 API 极其完善，功能非常强大。而 Pyppeteer 又是什么呢？它实际上是 Puppeteer 的 Python 版本的实现，但他不是 Google 开发的，是一位来自于日本的工程师依据 Puppeteer 的一些功能开发出来的非官方版本。

官方文档:https://miyakogi.github.io/pyppeteer/reference.html

下载

pip install pyppeteer

打开网页并截图

import asyncio
from pyppeteer import launch
async def main():
    browser = await launch()
    page = await browser.newPage()
    await page.goto("http://example.com")
    await page.screenshot({"path": "example.png"})
    await browser.close()
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main())

评估页面上的脚本

import asyncio
from pyppeteer import launch
async def main():
    browser = await launch()
    page = await browser.newPage()
    await page.goto("http://example.com")
    await page.screenshot({"path": "example.png"})

    dimensions = await page.evaluate("""() => {
        return {
            width: document.documentElement.clientWidth,
            height: document.documentElement.clientHeight,
            deviceScaleFactor: window.devicePixelRatio,
        }
    }""")
    print(dimensions)
    # >>> {"width": 800, "height": 600, "deviceScaleFactor": 1}
    await browser.close()
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main())

关键字参数的选项

{"headless": True} # 默认为True无头
{"headless": False} # 改为False变成有头
browser = await launch({"headless": False})

选择器

Page.querySelector()  # CSS选择器
Page.querySelectorAll()  # CSS选择器选所有
Page.xpath()  # xpath选择器

参数Page.evaluate()和Page.querySelectorEval()

添加force_expr=True选项，这会强制pyppeteer将字符串视为表达式。

获取页面内容的示例：

content = await page.evaluate("document.body.textContent", force_expr=True)
import asyncio
from pyppeteer import launch
async def main():
    browser = await launch({"headless": False})
    page = await browser.newPage()
    await page.goto("https://www.cnblogs.com/guyouyin123/p/12669430.html#selenium%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9%E5%99%A8%E9%80%89%E6%8B%A9")
    content = await page.evaluate("document.body.textContent", force_expr=True)
    print(content)
    await browser.close()
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main())

获取元素内部文本的示例：

element = await page.querySelector("h1")
title = await page.evaluate("(element) => element.textContent", element)

基础用法

import asyncio
from pyppeteer import launch
async def main():
    # headless参数设为False，则变成有头模式
    # Pyppeteer支持字典和关键字传参，Puppeteer只支持字典传参
    # 指定引擎路径
    # exepath = r"C:\Users\Administrator\AppData\Local\pyppeteer\pyppeteer\local-chromium\575458\chrome-win32/chrome.exe"
    # browser = await launch({"executablePath": exepath, "headless": False, "slowMo": 30})
    browser = await launch(
        # headless=False,
        {"headless": False}
    )
    page = await browser.newPage()
    # 设置页面视图大小
    await page.setViewport(viewport={"width": 1280, "height": 800})
    # 是否启用JS，enabled设为False，则无渲染效果
    await page.setJavaScriptEnabled(enabled=True)
	# 超时间见 1000 毫秒
    res = await page.goto("https://www.toutiao.com/", options={"timeout": 1000})
    resp_headers = res.headers  # 响应头
    resp_status = res.status  # 响应状态
    # 等待
    await asyncio.sleep(2)
    # 第二种方法，在while循环里强行查询某元素进行等待
    while not await page.querySelector(".t"):
        pass
    # 滚动到页面底部
    await page.evaluate("window.scrollBy(0, document.body.scrollHeight)")
    await asyncio.sleep(2)
    # 截图 保存图片
    await page.screenshot({"path": "toutiao.png"})
    # 打印页面cookies
    print(await page.cookies())
    """  打印页面文本 """
    # 获取所有 html 内容
    print(await page.content())
    # 在网页上执行js 脚本
    dimensions = await page.evaluate(pageFunction="""() => {
            return {
                width: document.documentElement.clientWidth,  // 页面宽度
                height: document.documentElement.clientHeight,  // 页面高度
                deviceScaleFactor: window.devicePixelRatio,  // 像素比 1.0000000149011612
            }
        }""", force_expr=False)  # force_expr=False  执行的是函数
    print(dimensions)
    #  只获取文本  执行 js 脚本  force_expr  为 True 则执行的是表达式
    content = await page.evaluate(pageFunction="document.body.textContent", force_expr=True)
    print(content)
    # 打印当前页标题
    print(await page.title())
    # 抓取新闻内容  可以使用 xpath 表达式
    """
    # Pyppeteer 三种解析方式
    Page.querySelector()  # 选择器
    Page.querySelectorAll()
    Page.xpath()  # xpath  表达式
    # 简写方式为：
    Page.J(), Page.JJ(), and Page.Jx()
    """
    element = await page.querySelector(".feed-infinite-wrapper > ul>li")  # 纸抓取一个
    print(element)
    # 获取所有文本内容  执行 js
    content = await page.evaluate("(element) => element.textContent", element)
    print(content)
    # elements = await page.xpath("//div[@class="title-box"]/a")
    elements = await page.querySelectorAll(".title-box a")
    for item in elements:
        print(await item.getProperty("textContent"))
        # 
        # 获取文本
        title_str = await (await item.getProperty("textContent")).jsonValue()
        # 获取链接
        title_link = await (await item.getProperty("href")).jsonValue()
        print(title_str)
        print(title_link)
    # 关闭浏览器
    await browser.close()
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main())
import asyncio
import pyppeteer
from collections import namedtuple
Response = namedtuple("rs", "title url html cookies headers history status")
async def get_html(url):
    browser = await pyppeteer.launch(headless=True, args=["--no-sandbox"])
    page = await  browser.newPage()
    res = await page.goto(url, options={"timeout": 3000})
    data = await page.content()
    title = await page.title()
    resp_cookies = await page.cookies()  # cookie
    resp_headers = res.headers  # 响应头
    resp_status = res.status  # 响应状态
    print(data)
    print(title)
    print(resp_headers)
    print(resp_status)
    return title
if __name__ == "__main__":
    url_list = ["https://www.toutiao.com/",
                "http://jandan.net/ooxx/page-8#comments",
                "https://www.12306.cn/index/"
               ]
    task = [get_html(url) for url in url_list]
    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
    results = loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.gather(*task))
    for res in results:
        print(res)
headers = {"date": "Sun, 28 Apr 2019 06:50:20 GMT",
           "server": "Cmcc",
           "x-frame-options": "SAMEORIGIN\nSAMEORIGIN",
           "last-modified": "Fri, 26 Apr 2019 09:58:09 GMT",
           "accept-ranges": "bytes",
           "cache-control": "max-age=43200",
           "expires": "Sun, 28 Apr 2019 18:50:20 GMT",
           "vary": "Accept-Encoding,User-Agent",
           "content-encoding": "gzip",
           "content-length": "19823",
           "content-type": "text/html",
           "connection": "Keep-alive",
           "via": "1.1 ID-0314217270751344 uproxy-17"}

模拟输入

# 模拟输入 账号密码  {"delay": rand_int()} 为输入时间
    await page.type("#TPL_username_1", "sadfasdfasdf")
    await page.type("#TPL_password_1", "123456789", )
    await page.waitFor(1000)
    await page.click("#J_SubmitStatic")

使用 tkinter 获取页面高度宽度

def screen_size():
    """使用tkinter获取屏幕大小"""
    import tkinter
    tk = tkinter.Tk()
    width = tk.winfo_screenwidth()
    height = tk.winfo_screenheight()
    tk.quit()
    return width, height

爬取京东商城

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from pyppeteer import launch
import asyncio
def screen_size():
    """使用tkinter获取屏幕大小"""
    import tkinter
    tk = tkinter.Tk()
    width = tk.winfo_screenwidth()
    height = tk.winfo_screenheight()
    tk.quit()
    return width, height
async def main(url):
    # browser = await launch({"headless": False, "args": ["--no-sandbox"], })
    browser = await launch({"args": ["--no-sandbox"], })
    page = await browser.newPage()
    width, height = screen_size()
    await page.setViewport(viewport={"width": width, "height": height})
    await page.setJavaScriptEnabled(enabled=True)
    await page.setUserAgent(
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299")
    await page.goto(url)
    # await asyncio.sleep(2)
    await page.evaluate("window.scrollBy(0, document.body.scrollHeight)")
    await asyncio.sleep(1)
    # content = await page.content()
    li_list = await page.xpath("//*[@id="J_goodsList"]/ul/li")
    # print(li_list)
    item_list = []
    for li in li_list:
        a = await li.xpath(".//div[@class="p-img"]/a")
        detail_url = await (await a[0].getProperty("href")).jsonValue()
        promo_words = await (await a[0].getProperty("title")).jsonValue()
        a_ = await li.xpath(".//div[@class="p-commit"]/strong/a")
        p_commit = await (await a_[0].getProperty("textContent")).jsonValue()
        i = await li.xpath("./div/div[3]/strong/i")
        price = await (await i[0].getProperty("textContent")).jsonValue()
        em = await li.xpath("./div/div[4]/a/em")
        title = await (await em[0].getProperty("textContent")).jsonValue()
        item = {
            "title": title,
            "detail_url": detail_url,
            "promo_words": promo_words,
            "p_commit": p_commit,
            "price": price
        }
        item_list.append(item)
        # print(item)
        # break
    # print(content)
    await page_close(browser)
    return item_list
async def page_close(browser):
    for _page in await browser.pages():
        await _page.close()
    await browser.close()
msg = "手机"
url = "https://search.jd.com/Search?keyword={}&enc=utf-8&qrst=1&rt=1&stop=1&vt=2&wq={}&cid2=653&cid3=655&page={}"
task_list = []
for i in range(1, 6):
    page = i * 2 - 1
    url = url.format(msg, msg, page)
    task_list.append(main(url))
loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
results = loop.run_until_complete(asyncio.gather(*task_list))
# print(results, len(results))
for i in results:
    print(i, len(i))
# soup = BeautifulSoup(content, "lxml")
# div = soup.find("div", id="J_goodsList")
# for i, li in enumerate(div.find_all("li", class_="gl-item")):
#     if li.select(".p-img a"):
#         print(li.select(".p-img a")[0]["href"], i)
#         print(li.select(".p-price i")[0].get_text(), i)
#         print(li.select(".p-name em")[0].text, i)
#     else:
#         print("#" * 200)
#         print(li)

爬取淘宝网

taobao.py

import asyncio
import time
from pyppeteer.launcher import launch
from alifunc import mouse_slide, input_time_random
from exe_js import js1, js3, js4, js5
def screen_size():
    """使用tkinter获取屏幕大小"""
    import tkinter
    tk = tkinter.Tk()
    width = tk.winfo_screenwidth()
    height = tk.winfo_screenheight()
    tk.quit()
    return width, height
async def main(username, pwd, url):
    browser = await launch({"headless": False, "args": ["--no-sandbox"], }, userDataDir="./userdata",
                           args=["--window-size=1366,768"])
    page = await browser.newPage()
    width, height = screen_size()
    await page.setViewport(viewport={"width": width, "height": height})
    await page.setUserAgent(
        "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299")
    await page.goto(url)
    await page.evaluate(js1)
    await page.evaluate(js3)
    await page.evaluate(js4)
    await page.evaluate(js5)
    pwd_login = await page.querySelector(".J_Quick2Static")
    # print(await (await pwd_login.getProperty("textContent")).jsonValue())
    await pwd_login.click()
    await page.type("#TPL_username_1", username, {"delay": input_time_random() - 50})
    await page.type("#TPL_password_1", pwd, {"delay": input_time_random()})
    await page.screenshot({"path": "./headless-test-result.png"})
    time.sleep(2)
    slider = await page.Jeval("#nocaptcha", "node => node.style")  # 是否有滑块
    if slider:
        print("出现滑块情况判定")
        await page.screenshot({"path": "./headless-login-slide.png"})
        flag = await mouse_slide(page=page)
        if flag:
            print(page.url)
            await page.keyboard.press("Enter")
            await get_cookie(page)
    else:
        await page.keyboard.press("Enter")
        await page.waitFor(20)
        await page.waitForNavigation()
        try:
            global error
            error = await page.Jeval(".error", "node => node.textContent")
        except Exception as e:
            error = None
            print(e, "错啦")
        finally:
            if error:
                print("确保账户安全重新入输入")
            else:
                print(page.url)
                # 可继续网页跳转 已经携带 cookie
                # await get_search(page)
                await get_cookie(page)
    await page_close(browser)
async def page_close(browser):
    for _page in await browser.pages():
        await _page.close()
    await browser.close()
async def get_search(page):
    # https://s.taobao.com/search?q={查询的条件}&p4ppushleft=1%2C48&s={每页 44 条 第一页 0 第二页 44}&sort=sale-desc
    await page.goto("https://s.taobao.com/search?q=气球")
    await asyncio.sleep(5)
    # print(await page.content())
# 获取登录后cookie  
async def get_cookie(page):
    res = await page.content()
    cookies_list = await page.cookies()
    cookies = ""
    for cookie in cookies_list:
        str_cookie = "{0}={1};"
        str_cookie = str_cookie.format(cookie.get("name"), cookie.get("value"))
        cookies += str_cookie
    print(cookies)
    # 将cookie 放入 cookie 池 以便多次请求 封账号 利用cookie 对搜索内容进行爬取
    return cookies
if __name__ == "__main__":
    username = "username"
    pwd = "password"
    url = "https://login.taobao.com/member/login.jhtml?spm=a21bo.2017.754894437.1.5af911d9qqVAb1&f=top&redirectURL=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taobao.com%2F"
    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
    loop.run_until_complete(main(username, pwd, url))

exe_js.py

js1 = """() =>{
           Object.defineProperties(navigator,{
             webdriver:{
               get: () => false
             }
           })
        }"""

js2 = """() => {
        alert (
            window.navigator.webdriver
        )
    }"""
js3 = """() => {
        window.navigator.chrome = {
    runtime: {},
    // etc.
  };
    }"""
js4 = """() =>{
Object.defineProperty(navigator, "languages", {
      get: () => ["en-US", "en"]
    });
        }"""
js5 = """() =>{
Object.defineProperty(navigator, "plugins", {
    get: () => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5,6],
  });
        }"""

alifunc.py

from retrying import retry  # 错误自动重试
import time, asyncio, random
def retry_if_result_none(result):
    return result is None
@retry(retry_on_result=retry_if_result_none, )
async def mouse_slide(page=None):
    await asyncio.sleep(3)
    try:
        await page.hover("#nc_1_n1z")
        await page.mouse.down()
        await page.mouse.move(2000, 0, {"delay": random.randint(1000, 2000)})
        await page.mouse.up()
    except Exception as e:
        print(e, "     :slide login False")
        return None
    else:
        await asyncio.sleep(3)
        slider_again = await page.Jeval(".nc-lang-cnt", "node => node.textContent")
        if slider_again != "验证通过":
            return None
        else:
            await page.screenshot({"path": "./headless-slide-result.png"})
            print("验证通过")
            return 1
def input_time_random():
    return random.randint(100, 151)

利用获取到的cookie 爬取搜索内容

import json
import requests
import re
# 设置 cookie 池 随机发送请求 通过 pyppeteer 获取 cookie
cookie = "_tb_token_=edd7e354dee53;t=fed8f4ca1946ca1e73223cfae04bc589;sg=20f;cna=2uJSFdQGmDMCAbfFWXWAC4Jv;cookie2=1db6cd63ad358170ea13319f7a862c33;_l_g_=Ug%3D%3D;v=0;unb=3150916610;skt=49cbfd5e01d1b550;cookie1=BxVRmD3sh19TaAU6lH88bHw5oq%2BgcAGcRe229Hj5DTA%3D;csg=cf45a9e2;uc3=vt3=F8dByEazRMnQZDe%2F9qI%3D&id2=UNGTqfZ61Z3rsA%3D%3D&nk2=oicxO%2BHX4Pg%3D&lg2=U%2BGCWk%2F75gdr5Q%3D%3D;existShop=MTU1Njg3MDM3MA%3D%3D;tracknick=%5Cu7433150322;lgc=%5Cu7433150322;_cc_=V32FPkk%2Fhw%3D%3D;mt=ci=86_1;dnk=%5Cu7433150322;_nk_=%5Cu7433150322;cookie17=UNGTqfZ61Z3rsA%3D%3D;tg=0;enc=tThHs6Sn3BAl8v1fu3J4tMpgzA1n%2BLzxjib0vDAtGsXJCb4hqQZ7Z9fHIzsN0WghdcKEsoeKz6mBwPUpyzLOZw%3D%3D;JSESSIONID=B3F383B3467EC60F8CA425935232D395;l=bBMspAhrveV5732DBOCanurza77OSIRYYuPzaNbMi_5pm6T_G4QOlC03xF96VjfRswYBqh6Mygv9-etuZ;hng=CN%7Czh-CN%7CCNY%7C156;isg=BLi41Q8PENDal3xUVsA-aPbfiWaKiRzB6vcTu_IpBPOmDVj3mjHsO86vxUQYW9SD;uc1=cookie16=W5iHLLyFPlMGbLDwA%2BdvAGZqLg%3D%3D&cookie21=W5iHLLyFeYZ1WM9hVnmS&cookie15=UIHiLt3xD8xYTw%3D%3D&existShop=false&pas=0&cookie14=UoTZ4ttqLhxJww%3D%3D&tag=8&lng=zh_CN;thw=cn;x=e%3D1%26p%3D*%26s%3D0%26c%3D0%26f%3D0%26g%3D0%26t%3D0;swfstore=34617;"
headers = {
    "cookie": cookie,
    "user-agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.103 Safari/537.36"
}
rep = requests.get("https://s.taobao.com/search?q=手机&p4ppushleft=1%2C48&s=0&sort=sale-desc ", headers=headers)
rep.encoding = "utf-8"
res = rep.text
print(res)
r = re.compile(r"g_page_config = (.*?)g_srp_loadCss", re.S)
res = r.findall(res)
data = res[0].strip().rstrip(";")
dic_data = json.loads(data)
auctions = dic_data.get("mods")["itemlist"]["data"]["auctions"]
# print(auctions,len(auctions))
for item in auctions[1:]:
    print(item)
    break

针对iframe 的操作

page.frames 获取所有的 iframe 列表需要判断操作的是哪一个 iframe 跟操作 page 一样操作

from pyppeteer import launch
import asyncio
async def main(url):
    w = await launch({"headless": False, "args": ["--no-sandbox"], })
    page = await w.newPage()
    await page.setViewport({"width": 1366, "height": 800})
    await page.goto(url)
    try:
        await asyncio.sleep(1)
        frame = page.frames
        print(frame)  # 需要找到是哪一个 frame
        title = await frame[1].title()
        print(title)
        await asyncio.sleep(1)
        login = await frame[1].querySelector("#switcher_plogin")
        print(login)
        await login.click()
        await asyncio.sleep(20)
    except Exception as e:
        print(e, "EEEEEEEEE")
    for _page in await w.pages():
        await _page.close()
    await w.close()
asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main("https://i.qq.com/?rd=1"))
# asyncio.get_event_loop().run_until_complete(main("https://www.gushici.com/"))

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