目录

定义一个绘制甘特图的类

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
from datetime import datetime
import sys
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.font_manager as font_manager
import matplotlib.dates as mdates
import logging
from pylab import *
mpl.rcParams["font.sans-serif"] = ["SimHei"]
 
class Gantt(object):
    #颜色色标：参考http://colorbrewer2.org/
    RdYlGr = ["#d73027", "#f46d43", "#fdae61","#fee08b", "#ffffbf", "#d9ef8b","#a6d96a", "#66bd63", "#1a9850"]
 
    POS_START = 1.0
    POS_STEP = 0.5
 
    def __init__(self, tasks):
        self._fig = plt.figure(figsize=(15,10))
        self._ax = self._fig.add_axes([0.1, 0.1, .75, .5])
 
        self.tasks = tasks[::-1]  # 倒序
 
    def _format_date(self, date_string):
        try:
            date = datetime.datetime.strptime(date_string, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")  # 将日期字符串转换成datetime类型
        except ValueError as err:
            logging.error("String "{0}" can not be converted to datetime object: {1}"
                   .format(date_string, err))
            sys.exit(-1)
        mpl_date = mdates.date2num(date)  # 得到日期类型的时间戳
        return mpl_date
 
    def _plot_bars(self):
        i = 0
        for task in self.tasks:
            start = self._format_date(task["start"])  # 获取任务开始时间的时间戳
            end = self._format_date(task["end"])      # 获取任务结束时间的时间戳
            bottom = (i * Gantt.POS_STEP) + Gantt.POS_START
            width = end - start    # 柱子的宽度
            self._ax.barh(bottom, width, left=start, height=0.3,align="center", label=task["label"],color = Gantt.RdYlGr[i%len(Gantt.RdYlGr)])
            i += 1
 
    def _configure_yaxis(self):
        task_labels = [t["label"] for t in self.tasks]   # 所有的刻度文本标签
        pos = self._positions(len(task_labels))          # 素有的刻度值
        ylocs = self._ax.set_yticks(pos)                 # 设置y轴刻度线
        ylabels = self._ax.set_yticklabels(task_labels)  # 设置y轴刻度标签
        plt.setp(ylabels, size="medium")                 # 设置y轴刻度标签属性（中号字）
 
    def _configure_xaxis(self):
        self._ax.xaxis_date()     # 使用时间轴
        rule = mdates.rrulewrapper(mdates.WEEKLY, interval=1)   # 生成时间生成器（每周1个值，从周日开始）
        loc = mdates.RRuleLocator(rule)                         # 生成时间刻度
        formatter = mdates.DateFormatter("%m/%d")               # 生成时间格式
 
        self._ax.xaxis.set_major_locator(loc)          # 设置主刻度
        self._ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(formatter)  # 设置主刻度标签格式
        xlabels = self._ax.get_xticklabels()           # 获取刻度标签对象
        plt.setp(xlabels, rotation=70, fontsize=10)    # 设置刻度标签对象的属性（30度旋转，字体大小10）
 
    def _configure_figure(self):
        self._configure_xaxis()
        self._configure_yaxis()
 
        self._ax.grid(True, axis="x",color="gray")
        self._set_legend()
        self._fig.autofmt_xdate()
 
    def _set_legend(self):
        font = font_manager.FontProperties(size="small")
        self._ax.legend(loc="upper right", prop=font)
 
    def _positions(self, count):
        end = count * Gantt.POS_STEP + Gantt.POS_START
        pos = np.arange(Gantt.POS_START, end, Gantt.POS_STEP)
        return pos
    
    def show(self):
        self._plot_bars()
        self._configure_figure()
        plt.show()

调用及数据格式

if __name__ == "__main__":
    TEST_DATA = (
                 { "label": "项目调研", "start":"2019-02-01 12:00:00", "end": "2019-03-15 18:00:00"},
                 { "label": "项目准备", "start":"2019-02-15 09:00:00", "end": "2019-04-09 12:00:00"},
                 { "label": "制定方案", "start":"2019-04-10 12:00:00", "end": "2019-05-30 18:00:00"},
                 { "label": "项目实施", "start":"2019-05-01 09:00:00", "end": "2019-08-31 13:00:00"},
                 { "label": "项目培训", "start":"2019-07-01 09:00:00", "end": "2019-09-21 13:00:00"},
                 { "label": "项目验收", "start":"2019-09-22 09:00:00", "end": "2019-10-22 13:00:00"},
                 { "label": "项目竣工", "start":"2019-10-23 09:00:00", "end": "2019-11-23 13:00:00"},
                )
    
    gantt = Gantt(TEST_DATA)
    plt.xlabel("项目日期")
    plt.ylabel("项目进度")
    plt.title("项目进度甘特图")
    plt.figure(figsize=(10,10),dpi=150)
    gantt.show()

类似于展示的图形

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