世界观点:python可视化分析绘制带趋势线的散点图和边缘直方图
(相关资料图)
目录
一、绘制带趋势线的散点图二、绘制边缘直方图一、绘制带趋势线的散点图
实现功能:
在散点图上添加趋势线(线性拟合线)反映两个变量是正相关、负相关或者无相关关系。
实现代码:
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings(action="once")
plt.style.use("seaborn-whitegrid")
sns.set_style("whitegrid")
print(mpl.__version__)
print(sns.__version__)
def draw_scatter(file):
# Import Data
df = pd.read_csv(file)
df_select = df.loc[df.cyl.isin([4, 8]), :]
# Plot
gridobj = sns.lmplot(
x="displ",
y="hwy",
hue="cyl",
data=df_select,
height=7,
aspect=1.6,
palette="Set1",
scatter_kws=dict(s=60, linewidths=.7, edgecolors="black"))
# Decorations
sns.set(style="whitegrid", font_scale=1.5)
gridobj.set(xlim=(0.5, 7.5), ylim=(10, 50))
gridobj.fig.set_size_inches(10, 6)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.title("Scatterplot with line of best fit grouped by number of cylinders")
plt.show()
draw_scatter("F:\数据杂坛\datasets\mpg_ggplot2.csv")实现效果:
在散点图上添加趋势线(线性拟合线)反映两个变量是正相关、负相关或者无相关关系。红蓝两组数据分别绘制出最佳的线性拟合线。
二、绘制边缘直方图
实现功能:
python绘制边缘直方图,用于展示X和Y之间的关系、及X和Y的单变量分布情况,常用于数据探索分析。
实现代码:
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings(action="once")
plt.style.use("seaborn-whitegrid")
sns.set_style("whitegrid")
print(mpl.__version__)
print(sns.__version__)
def draw_Marginal_Histogram(file):
# Import Data
df = pd.read_csv(file)
# Create Fig and gridspec
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6), dpi=100)
grid = plt.GridSpec(4, 4, hspace=0.5, wspace=0.2)
# Define the axes
ax_main = fig.add_subplot(grid[:-1, :-1])
ax_right = fig.add_subplot(grid[:-1, -1], xticklabels=[], yticklabels=[])
ax_bottom = fig.add_subplot(grid[-1, 0:-1], xticklabels=[], yticklabels=[])
# Scatterplot on main ax
ax_main.scatter("displ",
"hwy",
s=df.cty * 4,
c=df.manufacturer.astype("category").cat.codes,
alpha=.9,
data=df,
cmap="Set1",
edgecolors="gray",
linewidths=.5)
# histogram on the right
ax_bottom.hist(df.displ,
40,
histtype="stepfilled",
orientation="vertical",
color="#098154")
ax_bottom.invert_yaxis()
# histogram in the bottom
ax_right.hist(df.hwy,
40,
histtype="stepfilled",
orientation="horizontal",
color="#098154")
# Decorations
ax_main.set(title="Scatterplot with Histograms \n displ vs hwy",
xlabel="displ",
ylabel="hwy")
ax_main.title.set_fontsize(10)
for item in ([ax_main.xaxis.label, ax_main.yaxis.label] +
ax_main.get_xticklabels() + ax_main.get_yticklabels()):
item.set_fontsize(10)
xlabels = ax_main.get_xticks().tolist()
ax_main.set_xticklabels(xlabels)
plt.show()
draw_Marginal_Histogram("F:\数据杂坛\datasets\mpg_ggplot2.csv")实现效果:
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