每日视点!python数据分析绘图可视化
前言:
数据分析初始阶段,通常都要进行可视化处理。数据可视化旨在直观展示信息的分析结果和构思,令某些抽象数据具象化,这些抽象数据包括数据测量单位的性质或数量。本章用的程序库matplotlib是建立在Numpy之上的一个Python图库,它提供了一个面向对象的API和一个过程式类的MATLAB API,他们可以并行使用。
1、
(资料图片)
import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt scores=np.random.randint(0,100,50) plt.hist(scores,bins=8,histtype=‘stepfilled") plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
2、
x=np.arange(6) y1=np.array([1,4,3,5,6,7]) y2=np.array([3,4,3,5,6,7]) y3=np.array([2,4,3,5,6,7]) plt.stackplot(x,y1,y2,y3) plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
3、
random_state=np.random.RandomState(1231241) random_x=random_state.randn(10000) plt.hist(random_x,bins=25) plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
4、
data=np.array([10,30,15,30,15]) pie_labels=np.array([‘A",‘B",‘C",‘D",‘E"]) plt.pie(data,radius=1.5,labels=pie_labels,autopct="%3.1f%%") plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
5、
import matplotlib as mpl mpl.rcParams[‘font.sans-serif"]=[‘SimHei"] mpl.rcParams[‘axes.unicode_minus"]=False kinds=[‘购物",‘礼尚往来",‘餐饮美食",‘通信",‘生活日用",‘交通出行",‘休闲娱乐",‘其他"] money_scale=[500/1500,123/1500,400/1500,234/1500,300/1500,200/1500,100/1500,150/1500] dev_position=[0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1] plt.pie(money_scale,labels=kinds,autopct="%3.1f%%",shadow=True, explode=dev_position,startangle=90) plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
6、
num=50 x=np.random.rand(num) y=np.random.rand(num) plt.scatter(x,y) plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
7、
num=50 x=np.random.rand(num) y=np.random.rand(num) area=(800*np.random.rand(num)**2) plt.scatter(x,y,s=area) plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
8、
plt.rcParams[‘font.sans-serif"]=‘SimHei" plt.rcParams[‘axes.unicode_minus"]=False x_speed=np.arange(10,210,10) y_distance=np.array([0.3,0.5,1,3,5,5.5,7,8,9,12,14,15.5,17.8,19,20,23,27,30,31,32]) plt.scatter(x_speed,y_distance,s=50,alpha=0.9) plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
9、
plt.rcParams[‘font.family"]= ‘SimHei" plt.rcParams[‘axes.unicode_minus"]=False data_2018=np.array([4500,6654.5,5283.4,5107.8,5443.3,5550.6,6400.2,6404.9,5483.1,5330.2,5543,6199.9]) data_2017=np.array([4605.2,4710.3,5168.9,4767.2,4947,5203,6047.4,5945.5,5219.6,5038.1,5196.3,5698.6]) plt.boxplot([data_2018,data_2017],labels=(‘2018年",‘2017年"),meanline=True,widths=0.5,vert=False,patch_artist=True) plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
10、
plt.rcParams[‘font.family"]= ‘SimHei" plt.rcParams[‘axes.unicode_minus"]=False dim_num=6 data=np.array([[0.50,0.32,0.35,0.30,0.30,0.88], [0.45,0.35,0.30,0.40,0.40,0.30], [0.43,0.99,0.30,0.28,0.22,0.30], [0.30,0.25,0.48,0.95,0.45,0.40], [0.20,0.38,0.87,0.45,0.32,0.28], [0.34,0.31,0.38,0.40,0.92,0.28]]) angles=np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, dim_num, endpoint=False) angles=np.concatenate((angles,[angles[0]])) data=np.concatenate((data,[data[0]])) radar_labels=[‘研究型(I)",‘艺术型(A)",‘社会型(S)",‘企业型(E)",‘传统型©",‘现实型®"] radar_labels=np.concatenate((radar_labels, [radar_labels[0]])) plt.polar(angles, data) plt.thetagrids(angles * 180/np.pi, labels=radar_labels) plt.fill(angles, data, alpha=0.25) plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
11、
data =np.array([20,50,10,15,30,55]) pie_labels=np.array([‘A",‘B",‘C",‘D",‘E",‘F"]) plt.pie(data,radius=1.5,wedgeprops={‘width": 0.7},labels=pie_labels,autopct="%3.1f%%",pctdistance=0.75) plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
12、
x = np.arange(1,13) y_a = np.array([191,123,234,42,123,432,567,234,231,132,123,134]) y_b = np.array([123,143,234,242,523,232,467,334,131,332,234,345]) y_c = np.array([91,123,534,432,223,332,367,434,111,322,345,560]) plt.stackplot(x,y_a,y_b,y_c) plt.title(‘37") plt.show()
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