如何使用python批量修改文本文件编码格式
来源:脚本之家    时间:2023-03-25 06:06:09


【资料图】

使用python批量修改文本文件编码格式

把文本文件的编码格式进行批量幻化,比如ascii, gb2312, utf8等,相互转化,字符集的大小来看,utf8>gb2312>ascii,因此最好把gb2312转为utf8,否则容易出现乱码。

gb2312和utf-8的主要区别:

关于字库规模: UTF-8 > gb2312(utf8字全而gb2312只有汉字)

关于保存大小: UTF-8> gb2312 (utf8更臃肿、加载更慢,gb2312更小巧,加载更快)

关于适用范围:gb2312主要在中国大陆地区使用,是一个本地化的字符集,UTF-8包含全世界所有国家需要用到的字符,是国际编码,通用性强。UTF-8编码的文字可以在各国支持UTF8字符集的浏览器上显示。

import sys
import chardet
import codecs
 
def get_encoding_type(fileName):
    """print the encoding format of a txt file """
    with open(fileName, "rb") as f:
        data = f.read()
        encoding_type = chardet.detect(data)
        #print(encoding_type)
        return encoding_type
        # such as {"encoding": "GB2312", "confidence": 0.99, "language": "Chinese"}
 
def convert_encoding_type(filename_in, filename_out, encode_in="gb2312", encode_out="utf-8"):
    """convert encoding format of txt file """
    #filename_in = "flash.c"
    #filename_out = "flash_gb2312.c"
    #encode_in = "utf-8"  # 输入文件的编码类型
    #encode_out = "gb2312"# 输出文件的编码类型
    with codecs.open(filename=filename_in, mode="r", encoding=encode_in) as fi:
        data = fi.read()
        with open(filename_out, mode="w", encoding=encode_out) as fo:
            fo.write(data)
            fo.close()
        # with open(filename_out, "rb") as f:
        #     data = f.read()
        #     print(chardet.detect(data))
 
if __name__=="__main__":
    # fileName = argv[1]
    # get_encoding_type(fileName)
    # convert_encoding_type(fileName, fileName)
    filename_of_files = sys.argv[1]   #the file contain full file path at each line
    with open(filename_of_files, "rb") as f:
        lines = f.readlines()
        for line in lines:
            fileName = line[:-1]
            encoding_type = get_encoding_type(fileName)
            if encoding_type["encoding"]=="GB2312":
                print(encoding_type)
                convert_encoding_type(fileName, fileName)
                print(fileName)

补充:python实现文件批量转为utf-8格式

python实现文件批量转为utf-8格式

xml_path = "./"
with open(xml_path , "rb+") as f:
    content = f.read()
    codeType = detect(content)["encoding"]
    content = content.decode(codeType, "ignore").encode("utf8")
    fp.seek(0)
    fp.write(content)

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