Matlab绘制中国地图超全教程详解

来源：脚本之家时间：2022-02-26 10:01:53

各省边界线绘图

provinces=shaperead("bou2_4l.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);

% 绘图
worldmap("China");
geoshow(provinces)

省份填色图

provinces=shaperead("bou2_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);

% 绘图
worldmap("China");
faceColors=makesymbolspec("Polygon",{"INDEX",[1 numel(provinces)],"FaceColor",polcmap(numel(provinces))});
geoshow(provinces,"DisplayType","polygon","SymbolSpec",faceColors)

改个颜色：

provinces=shaperead("bou2_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);

% 插值定义颜色
C=[222,238,209;126,190,174;144,213,220;
    33,118,155;30,69,128;20,49,127]./255;
C1(:,1)=interp1(0:5,C(:,1),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),"linear")";
C1(:,2)=interp1(0:5,C(:,2),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),"linear")";
C1(:,3)=interp1(0:5,C(:,3),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),"linear")";

% 绘图
worldmap("China");
faceColors=makesymbolspec("Polygon",{"INDEX",[1 numel(provinces)],"FaceColor",C1});
geoshow(provinces,"DisplayType","polygon","SymbolSpec",faceColors)

标注省份名称

provinces=shaperead("bou2_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);

% 插值定义颜色
C=[222,238,209;126,190,174;144,213,220;
    33,118,155;30,69,128;20,49,127]./255;
C1(:,1)=interp1(0:5,C(:,1),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),"linear")";
C1(:,2)=interp1(0:5,C(:,2),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),"linear")";
C1(:,3)=interp1(0:5,C(:,3),linspace(0,5,numel(provinces)),"linear")";

% 绘图
worldmap("China");
faceColors=makesymbolspec("Polygon",{"INDEX",[1 numel(provinces)],"FaceColor",C1});
geoshow(provinces,"DisplayType","polygon","SymbolSpec",faceColors)

% 读取首都和省级行政中心位置信息并标记
pnames=shaperead("res1_4m.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
for i=1:numel(pnames)
    textm(pnames(i).Lat,pnames(i).Lon,pnames(i).NAME, ...
   "HorizontalAlignment","center","FontSize",5,"color","k")
end

单独绘制某个省份：

worldmap([42,55],[120,137]);

% 从中国省份数据文件中获取黑龙江省
P=shaperead("bou2_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true,...
  "Selector",{@(name) strcmp(name,"黑龙江省"),"NAME"});
patchm(P.Lat,P.Lon, [0.5 0.7 0.5])

中国公路交通图

borders=shaperead("bou1_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
roads=shaperead("roa_4m.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
worldmap("China");

geoshow(borders,"FaceColor",[239,238,234]./255)
geoshow(roads,"Color",[250,227,158]./255,"LineWidth",1.5)

中国铁路交通图

borders=shaperead("bou1_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
rails=shaperead("rai_4m.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
worldmap("China");

geoshow(borders,"FaceColor",[239,238,234]./255)
geoshow(rails,"Color",[.2,.2,.2],"LineWidth",1,"LineStyle","-.")

中国河流图

borders=shaperead("bou1_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
riversp=shaperead("hyd1_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
riversl=shaperead("hyd1_4l.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
worldmap("China");

geoshow(borders,"FaceColor",[239,238,234]./255)
geoshow(riversp,"FaceColor",[127,141,181]./255,"EdgeColor",[127,141,181]./255)
geoshow(riversl,"Color",[127,141,181]./255,"LineWidth",1)

组合美化图

美化图一

ax=worldmap("China");
setm(ax,"FFaceColor",[153,179,204]./255)

% 绘制附近大陆
antarctica = shaperead("landareas.shp", "UseGeoCoords", true,...
  "Selector",{@(name) strcmp(name,"Africa and Eurasia"), "Name"});
patchm(antarctica.Lat, antarctica.Lon, [0.5 0.7 0.5])

% 绘制中国国界
bordersl=shaperead("bou1_4l.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
geoshow(bordersl,"Color",[.3,.3,.3],"LineWidth",1)
bordersp=shaperead("bou1_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
patchm([bordersp.Lat],[bordersp.Lon],[239,238,234]./255);

% 绘制河流
riversp=shaperead("hyd1_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
riversl=shaperead("hyd1_4l.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
geoshow(riversp,"FaceColor",[127,141,181]./255,"EdgeColor",[127,141,181]./255)
geoshow(riversl,"Color",[127,141,181]./255,"LineWidth",1)

% 绘制公路
roads=shaperead("roa_4m.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
geoshow(roads,"Color",[250,227,158]./255,"LineWidth",1.5)

tightmap

美化图二

ax=worldmap("china");
setm(ax,"mapprojection","mercator");

% 绘制国界
bordersl=shaperead("bou1_4l.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
geoshow(bordersl,"Color",[.3,.3,.3],"LineWidth",1)
% 绘制省份
colorList=[197,228,212;255,254,216;251,197,221;199,205,231]./255;
colorList=repmat(colorList,[250,1]);
provinces=shaperead("bou2_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
colorList=colorList(1:numel(provinces),:);
faceColors=makesymbolspec("Polygon",{"INDEX",[1 numel(provinces)],"FaceColor",colorList});
geoshow(provinces,"DisplayType","polygon","SymbolSpec",faceColors)

% 首都
pnames=shaperead("res1_4m.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
geoshow(pnames(1).Lat,pnames(1).Lon,"DisplayType","point","Marker","p",...
    "MarkerEdgeColor",[.8,0,0],"MarkerFaceColor",[.8,0,0])

% 指北针
northarrow("latitude",50,"longitude",80,"scaleratio",.08,"FaceColor",[.4,.4,.4])

% 比例尺
scaleruler on
setm(handlem("scaleruler1"), ...
    "XLoc",-3.2e6,"YLoc",1.8e6, ...
    "MajorTick",0:500:2000,...
    "MinorTick",0:40:200,"FontSize",7)
scaleruler("units","nm")
setm(handlem("scaleruler2"), ...
    "XLoc",-3.15e6, ...
    "YLoc",1.7e6, ...
    "TickDir","down", ...
    "MajorTick",0:250:1000,...
    "MinorTick",0:40:200,...
    "MajorTickLength",km2nm(25),...
    "MinorTickLength",km2nm(12.5),"FontSize",7)

% 小地图
h2=axes("pos",[0.67 0.15 0.13 0.2]);
worldmap([1 22],[106 122])
setm(h2,"FFaceColor",[197,213,236]./255,"FEdgeColor",[.3,.3,.3],"FLineWidth",1.5)
insert1=shaperead("bou2_4l.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
geoshow(insert1,"Color",[.2,.2,.2],"LineWidth",1)
insert2=shaperead("bou2_4p.shp","UseGeoCoords",true);
geoshow(insert2,"FaceColor","w")
mlabel off 
plabel off
gridm off

代码和数据：

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ZvMTLVElEWgQ3TFOmDXyCg 提取码：1234

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