基于PyQt5制作一个数据图表生成器
我的需求:手动配置X轴、Y轴、图表标题等参数自动通过Pyecharts模块生成可视化的html数据图表,并将浏览器图表展示到UI界面上。
制作出图表后的效果展示如下:
另外,生成后的图表结果会使用 html 的形式保存下来。
导入 UI 界面相关的 PyQt5 第三方模块库。
from PyQt5.QtCore import * from PyQt5.QtWidgets import * from PyQt5.QtGui import *
若是使用PyQt5的版本是5.10.1以上,则需要单独安装一下PyQtWebEngine,说是QtWebEngineWidgets模块被新版本移除了。执行一下下面安装单独安装一下PyQtWebEngine就OK了。
pip install PyQtWebEngine
导入 Web 浏览器引擎的支持。
from PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets import QWebEngineView
应用其他的相关模块导入。
import sys # 应用操作库 import os from datetime import datetime from pyecharts.charts import * # 图表设置展示库 from pyecharts import options # 图标参数配置库
主要的代码块实现过程如下:
class DataVisual(QWidget): def __init__(self): super(DataVisual, self).__init__() self.cwd = os.getcwd() # 获取当前路径 self.init_ui() def init_ui(self): self.setWindowTitle("数据图表生成器") self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("数据.ico")) self.brower = QWebEngineView() self.brower.setMinimumWidth(800) self.brower.setMaximumWidth(1400) self.brower.setUrl(QUrl("")) form = QFormLayout() """折线图/柱状图控件开始""" self.selected_label = QLabel() self.selected_label.setText("设置图表类型:") self.selected_cobox = QComboBox() self.selected_cobox.addItems(["Bar(柱状图/条形图)", "Line(折线/面积图)", "Pie(饼图)"]) self.selected_cobox.currentIndexChanged.connect(self.selected_cobox_change) self.title_label = QLabel() self.title_label.setText("设置标题:") self.title_text = QLineEdit() self.title_text.setPlaceholderText("请输入图表标题(最大长度10)") self.title_text.setMaxLength(10) self.subtitle_label = QLabel() self.subtitle_label.setText("设置副标题:") self.subtitle_text = QLineEdit() self.subtitle_text.setPlaceholderText("请输入图表副标题(最大长度20)") self.title_text.setMaxLength(20) self.data_label_x = QLabel() self.data_label_x.setText("设置X轴数据:") self.data_text_x = QLineEdit() self.data_text_x.setPlaceholderText("湖北, 四川, 重庆, 河北, 云南") self.data_text_x.setMaxLength(1000) self.data_label_y1_name = QLabel() self.data_label_y1_name.setText("设置Y1轴标签:") self.data_text_y1_name = QLineEdit() self.data_text_y1_name.setPlaceholderText("请输入Y1轴标签") self.data_label_y1 = QLabel() self.data_label_y1.setText("设置Y1轴数据:") self.data_text_y1 = QLineEdit() self.data_text_y1.setPlaceholderText("34500, 3000, 3218, 2890, 50023") self.data_text_y1.setMaxLength(1000) self.data_label_y2_name = QLabel() self.data_label_y2_name.setText("设置Y2轴标签:") self.data_text_y2_name = QLineEdit() self.data_text_y2_name.setPlaceholderText("请输入Y2轴标签") self.data_label_y2 = QLabel() self.data_label_y2.setText("设置Y2轴数据:") self.data_text_y2 = QLineEdit() self.data_text_y2.setPlaceholderText("1200, 100, 300, 130, 1004") self.data_text_y2.setMaxLength(1000) """折线图/柱状图控件结束""" """饼图控件开始""" self.pie_table_label = QLabel() self.pie_table_label.setText("设置标题:") self.pie_table_label.setVisible(False) self.pie_table_text = QLineEdit() self.pie_table_text.setPlaceholderText("请输入标题") self.pie_table_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_data_label = QLabel() self.pie_data_label.setText("设置饼图数据:") self.pie_data_label.setVisible(False) self.pie_data_text = QLineEdit() self.pie_data_text.setPlaceholderText("华为:35,三星:59") self.pie_data_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius = QLabel() self.pie_radius.setText("设置数据显示比例:") self.pie_radius.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_text = QLineEdit() self.pie_radius_text.setPlaceholderText("65%") self.pie_radius_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_cle = QLabel() self.pie_radius_cle.setText("设置圆环空心比例:") self.pie_radius_cle.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_text_cle = QLineEdit() self.pie_radius_text_cle.setPlaceholderText("60%") self.pie_radius_text_cle.setVisible(False) """饼图控件结束""" """公共控件开始""" self.save_dir_text = QLineEdit() self.save_dir_text.setPlaceholderText("请选择图表保存地址") self.save_dir_text.setReadOnly(True) self.save_dir_btn = QPushButton() self.save_dir_btn.setText("存储路径") self.save_dir_btn.clicked.connect(self.save_dir_btn_click) self.version = QLabel() self.version.setText("公众号:[Python 集中营]") self.generate_btn = QPushButton() self.generate_btn.setText("生成图表") self.generate_btn.clicked.connect(self.generate_btn_click) """公共控件结束""" """折线图/柱状图布局开始""" form.addRow(self.selected_label, self.selected_cobox) form.addRow(self.title_label, self.title_text) form.addRow(self.subtitle_label, self.subtitle_text) form.addRow(self.data_label_x, self.data_text_x) form.addRow(self.data_label_y1_name,self.data_text_y1_name) form.addRow(self.data_label_y1, self.data_text_y1) form.addRow(self.data_label_y2_name,self.data_text_y2_name) form.addRow(self.data_label_y2, self.data_text_y2) """折线图/柱状图布局结束""" """柱状图""" form.addRow(self.pie_table_label, self.pie_table_text) form.addRow(self.pie_radius, self.pie_radius_text) form.addRow(self.pie_radius_cle, self.pie_radius_text_cle) form.addRow(self.pie_data_label, self.pie_data_text) """柱状图""" """公共布局""" form.addRow(self.save_dir_text, self.save_dir_btn) form.addRow(self.version, self.generate_btn) """公共布局""" hbox = QHBoxLayout() hbox.addWidget(self.brower) hbox.addSpacing(10) hbox.addLayout(form) self.setLayout(hbox) def save_dir_btn_click(self): directory = QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, "选取文件夹", self.cwd) self.save_dir_text.setText(directory) def selected_cobox_change(self): selected = self.selected_cobox.currentText().strip() print(selected) if selected == "Line(折线/面积图)" \ or selected == "Bar(柱状图/条形图)": """显示控件""" self.title_label.setVisible(True) self.title_text.setVisible(True) self.subtitle_label.setVisible(True) self.subtitle_text.setVisible(True) self.data_label_x.setVisible(True) self.data_text_x.setVisible(True) self.data_label_y1.setVisible(True) self.data_text_y1.setVisible(True) self.data_label_y2.setVisible(True) self.data_text_y2.setVisible(True) self.data_label_y1_name.setVisible(True) self.data_text_y1_name.setVisible(True) self.data_label_y2_name.setVisible(True) self.data_text_y2_name.setVisible(True) """隐藏控件""" self.pie_table_label.setVisible(False) self.pie_table_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_data_label.setVisible(False) self.pie_data_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_text.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_cle.setVisible(False) self.pie_radius_text_cle.setVisible(False) elif selected == "Pie(饼图)": """隐藏控件""" self.title_label.setVisible(False) self.title_text.setVisible(False) self.subtitle_label.setVisible(False) self.subtitle_text.setVisible(False) self.data_label_x.setVisible(False) self.data_text_x.setVisible(False) self.data_label_y1.setVisible(False) self.data_text_y1.setVisible(False) self.data_label_y2.setVisible(False) self.data_text_y2.setVisible(False) self.data_label_y1_name.setVisible(False) self.data_text_y1_name.setVisible(False) self.data_label_y2_name.setVisible(False) self.data_text_y2_name.setVisible(False) """显示控件""" self.pie_table_label.setVisible(True) self.pie_table_text.setVisible(True) self.pie_data_label.setVisible(True) self.pie_data_text.setVisible(True) self.pie_radius.setVisible(True) self.pie_radius_text.setVisible(True) self.pie_radius_cle.setVisible(True) self.pie_radius_text_cle.setVisible(True) def generate_btn_click(self): selected = self.selected_cobox.currentText().strip() if selected == "Pie(饼图)": pie_table_text = self.pie_table_text.text().strip() print(pie_table_text) pie_data_text_list = self.pie_data_text.text().strip().split(",") print(pie_data_text_list) list_data = [] for str_ in pie_data_text_list: d_list = str_.split(":") tuple_ = (d_list[0],) + (int(d_list[1]),) list_data.append(tuple_) print(list_data) pie_radius_text = self.pie_radius_text.text() print(pie_radius_text) pie_radius_text_cle = self.pie_radius_text_cle.text() print(pie_radius_text_cle) pie = Pie() pie.add( series_name=pie_table_text, data_pair=list_data, radius=[pie_radius_text_cle, pie_radius_text], rosetype="radius" ) pie.set_series_opts(label_opts=options.LabelOpts(formatter="{b}:{d}%")) pie.set_global_opts(title_opts=options.TitleOpts(title=pie_table_text)) html_file_path = self.save_dir_text.text().strip() + "/" + datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") + ".html" print(html_file_path) pie.render(html_file_path) self.brower.setUrl(QUrl(html_file_path)) elif selected == "Bar(柱状图/条形图)": title = self.title_text.text().strip() subtitle = self.subtitle_text.text().strip() data_x = list(self.data_text_x.text().strip().split(",")) data_y1 = list(self.data_text_y1.text().strip().split(",")) data_y2 = list(self.data_text_y2.text().strip().split(",")) bar = Bar() bar.add_xaxis(data_x) bar.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y1_name.text().strip(), data_y1) bar.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y2_name.text().strip(), data_y2) bar.set_global_opts( title_opts=options.TitleOpts(title=title, subtitle=subtitle), toolbox_opts=options.ToolboxOpts()) bar.set_series_opts( label_opts=options.LabelOpts(is_show=False), markpoint_opts=options.MarkPointOpts(data=[ options.MarkPointItem(type_="min", name="最小值"), options.MarkPointItem(type_="max", name="最大值") ])) html_file_path = self.save_dir_text.text().strip() + "/" + datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") + ".html" print(html_file_path) bar.render(html_file_path) self.brower.setUrl(QUrl(html_file_path)) elif selected == "Line(折线/面积图)": title = self.title_text.text().strip() subtitle = self.subtitle_text.text().strip() data_x = list(self.data_text_x.text().strip().split(",")) data_y1 = list(self.data_text_y1.text().strip().split(",")) data_y2 = list(self.data_text_y2.text().strip().split(",")) line = Line() # 3. 关联数据 line.add_xaxis(data_x) line.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y1_name.text().strip(), data_y1, is_smooth=True) line.add_yaxis(self.data_text_y2_name.text().strip(), data_y2, markpoint_opts=options.MarkPointOpts( data=[options.MarkPointItem(type_="min", name="最小值")] )) line.set_series_opts(markline_opts=options.MarkLineOpts( data=[options.MarkPointItem(type_="average", name="平均值"), options.MarkPointItem(type_="max", name="最大值")] )) line.set_global_opts(title_opts=options.TitleOpts(title=title, subtitle=subtitle)) html_file_path = self.save_dir_text.text().strip() + "/" + datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") + ".html" print(html_file_path) line.render(html_file_path) self.brower.setUrl(QUrl(html_file_path))
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