目录

一、安装二、请求类型三、带参数请求四、自定义headers五、请求属性六、文件上传七、会话维持八、证书验证九、代理设置十、超时设置十一、认证设置十二、异常处理

一、安装

pip install requests

二、请求类型

import requests

requests.get("https://www.baidu.com")
requests.post("https://www.baidu.com")
requests.put("https://www.baidu.com")
requests.delete("https://www.baidu.com")
requests.head("https://www.baidu.com")
requests.options("https://www.baidu.com")

三、带参数请求

import requests

data = {
"name": "autofelix",
"age": 25
}

response = requests.get("https://www.baidu.com", params=data)
print(response.url)
print(response.text)

四、自定义headers

import requests

headers = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko"
}
response =requests.get("https://www.baidu.com", headers=headers)
print(response.text)

五、请求属性

import requests

response = requests.get("https://www.baidu.com")

# 响应状态码
response.status_code
# 响应头
response.headers
# 响应cookie
response.cookies
# 请求url
response.url
# 历史记录
response.history

六、文件上传

import requests

files= {"files":open("git.jpeg","rb")}
response = requests.post("https://www.baidu.com/upload", files=files)

七、会话维持

import requests

s = requests.Session()
s.get("https://www.baidu.com/login")
response = s.get("https://www.baidu.com")

八、证书验证

verify设置False关闭证书验证urllib3可以解决InsecureRequestWarning提示

import requests
from requests.packages import urllib3

urllib3.disable_warnings()
response = requests.get("https://www.12306.cn", verify=False)

九、代理设置

import requests

proxies= {
"http": "http://127.0.0.1:9999",
"https": "http://127.0.0.1:8888"
}
response = requests.get("https://www.baidu.com", proxies=proxies)

十、超时设置

import requests

requests.get("https://www.baidu.com", timeout=3)

十一、认证设置

import requests

response = requests.get("https://www.baidu.com", auth=("user", "123"))

十二、异常处理

ReadTimeout是超时错误ConnectionError是网络错误

import requests
from requests.exceptions import ReadTimeout,ConnectionError,RequestException

try:
response = requests.get("https://www.baidu.com", timout=0.1)
print(response.status_code)
except ReadTimeout:
print("timeout")
except ConnectionError:
print("connection Error")
except RequestException:
print("error")

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关键词： 异常处理 文件上传 希望大家 历史记录 相关文章